During the era of the trans-Atlantic slave trade, Europeans did not have the power to invade African states or kidnap African slaves at will.
(Note Slavery was also a traditional part of African society -- various states and kingdoms in Africa operated one or more of the following: chattel slavery, debt bondage, forced labor, and serfdom). Because of this, between 15 and 20 million slaves were transported across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa and purchased from slave traders throughout Europe and European colonies.

Slavery was also a traditional part of African society -- various states and kingdoms in Africa operated one or more of the following: chattel slavery, debt bondage, forced labor, and serfdom. At the beginning of the 1600s, slaves for the Trans-Atlantic slave trade were sourced in Senegambia and the Windward Coast. This region had had a long history of providing slaves for the Islamic trans-Saharan trade. Around 1650 the Kingdom of the Kongo, which the Portuguese had ties with, started exporting slaves. The focus of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade moved to here and neighboring northern Angola (grouped together on this table). Kongo and Angola would continue to be substantial exporters of slaves until the nineteenth century. Senegambia would provide a steady trickle of slaves through the centuries, but never on the same scale as the other regions of Africa.

The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade began around the mid-fifteenth century when Portuguese interests in Africa moved away from the fabled deposits of gold to a much more readily available commodity -- slaves. By the seventeenth century, the trade was in full swing, reaching a peak towards the end of the eighteenth century. It was a trade which was especially fruitful since every stage of the journey could be profitable for merchants -- the infamous triangular Expanding European empires in the New World lacked one major resource -- a workforce. In most cases, the indigenous peoples had proved unreliable (most of them were dying from diseases brought over from Europe), and Europeans were unsuited to the climate and suffered under tropical diseases. *Africans, on the other hand, were excellent workers: they often had experience of agriculture and keeping cattle, they were used to a tropical climate, resistant to tropical diseases, and they could be "worked very hard" on plantations or in mines.

Black Africans were transported to the Islamic empire across the Sahara to Morocco and Tunisia from West Africa, from Chad to Libya, along the Nile from East Africa, and up the coast of East Africa to the Persian Gulf. This trade had been well entrenched for over 600 years before Europeans arrived, and had driven the rapid expansion of Islam across North Africa. Slaves were obtained through conquest, tribute from vassal states, offspring (children of slaves were also slaves, but since many slaves were castrated this was not as common as it had been in the Roman empire), and purchase. The latter method provided the majority of slaves, and at the borders of the Islamic Empire vast number of new slaves were castrated ready for sale. The majority of these slaves came from Europe and Africa -- there were always enterprising locals ready to kidnap or capture their fellow countrymen.

An analysis of prices at various slave markets shows that eunuchs fetched higher prices than other males, encouraging the castration of slaves before export.

Documentation suggests that slaves throughout Islamic world were mainly used for menial domestic and commercial purposes. Eunuchs were especially prized for bodyguards and confidential servants; women as concubines and menials. A Muslim slave owner was entitled by law to use slaves for sexual pleasure.

It was not until the elections of 1948 that the word apartheid became common in South African politics. Through all of this, the white minority put various restrictions on the black majority. Eventually, the segregation affected Coloured and Indian citizens as well.

The African tribes sold Africans which is one of those inconvenient truths progressive marxist social justice activists ignore if its a fact they can't scrub off the web but have no compunction whatsoever in using the phrase to draw attention to what they claim as a scientific factlike climate change. One should always question the motive of those that use cancel culture intimidation and tactics to silence anyone that does not support their narrative.

Aparteid = separation in Afrikanns. Racial segregation in South Africa began after the Boer War and really came into being in the early 1900s. When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910 under British control, the Europeans in South Africa shaped the political structure of the new nation. Acts of discrimination were implemented from the very beginning. Over time, apartheid was divided into petty and grand apartheid. Petty apartheid referred to the visible segregation in South Africa while grand apartheid was used to describe the loss of political and land rights of black South Africans.

Today in Africa you see reverse apartheid with the Blacks in power they want their flesh out of the where's but are failing miserably due to competing political party agendas, infighting, lack of land management ecpertise and.fiscal fiduciary responsibility.

Dr. Rashad Richey is a very aggressive and opinionated Black activist on his weekly mid-day talk show on News and Talk 1380-WAOK. Rashad is also the Political/Social Commentator for The People's Station V-103, the nations' largest urban station He supports BLM's demands upon America and advocates reparations for those that are descendants of slaves. Legal documents to prove they are descendants are rare as most ship manifests documented the number of slaves taken on board and who survived for resale and most Blacks at that time could not read or write and most names were given to the slaves. What about Black slave owners,? He states, that Indians and the Japanese received reparations from America so Blacks should receive reparations, free university, free health care, etc. The Europeans invaded North American and took Indian tribal lands, the Japanese that were placed in internment camps were Americans that lost everything or sold items or property for pennies on the dollar prior to being trans ported so both of tgese groups got reparations. He advises that indentured whites sent to America should seek reparations from the British. LOL. *My response to Dr. Richey, is that the Black African Tribes sold their Black ancestors so if they want reparations they need to get it from Africa. They would be well advised not to count on Africa because they are broke and won't pay them a cent. They may ask them to come home to join them in South Africa to put their management skills to good use and/or work on their Black owned plantations but they're barely getting by as it is. They sure would not receive any of the entitlements they get here in the US that's for sure.

Slavery still exists around the world today and its a repugnan practice. That said, they would be better served by expending their time and energy on helping each other rather than rioting and destroying the Black Community.

African history matters even when its an inconvenient truth.

[thoughtco.com]
[sourcebooks.fordham.edu]
[waok.radio.com]